Column of Prof. Manu Kapur in GLOBE 1/2018 of ETH Zurich

Good things happen on the other side of failure. It is failure that creates what I call the 4A conditions for deep learning: Activation, Awareness, Affect, and Assembly. When designed well, failure activates the prior knowledge necessary for acquiring new knowledge. Failure makes us aware of the limits of our knowledge. With the right mindset, failure can build a positive affect orientation.